FOOD SECURITY:component, measures to ensure food security and problems

Food security simply means a situation where food is available to people irrespective of where they are how they are who they are and are able to access , make use of this availability

Food security:is practically having the sense that food is not a problem in a society 

Based on the 1996 World Food Summit, food security is defined when all people, at all times, have physical and economic access to sufficient safe and nutritious food that meets their dietary needs and food preferences for an active and healthy life.

Component of food security 

what component of food security means is that the factors that encompass what food security means, consist of 

Availability of food : High quality of food should be available to the people for consumption 

Food should be made available to every one everytime and every day. One of the component of food security is availability to the people 

Access to food: Persons in a community should have the capacity financially to be able to access food the ability for an industry to provide and get food for themselves

This also means the ability for individuals to have access to what it is required for them to set of farm activities for themselves in other to produce what to eat for them and their family .

Utilisation of food : the ability of an individual to make use of the food they have for there own healthy living, using the food maximal inother to meet the requirements needed by the body system without obstruction in health of the person the preparation of the food. 

Stability: the maintaining the consistence in accessing, availability and utilization of food . It means when all other component remain stable over the time to the people 

measures to ensure national food security

Education and literacy: Government should encourage education it helps the farmers especially the rural ones makes use of the new technologies which have been contributing to food productivity.

Crop diversification : over dependence of one particular crop can make the crop over demanding which pose high production in a country which does not have the capacity

Tackling climate changes: land degradation and desertification makes land uncultivated for the farmers which leads to availability of food 

Integrated water management.: New irrigational system should be initiated so as to tackle the climate change 

Advance farm practice: New farm practice should be use to introduce fertilizer to the crops in other to maximise how plant make use of nutrient

Improved varieties : The use of biotechnology to develop improved seedling which can withstand environmental condition and produce more produces this makes more food available 

Other includes 

Improved technology adoption. ...

Awareness on population growth.

Problems of food security 

(1) world population growth : By 2060 the world population will rise to about 9.6 billion the increasing population raises the demand for food with the slow adoption of technology in sub-sahara Africa ,the slow adoption of technology in agriculture  in sub-sahara  cannot provide for the fast growing population.

(2) the increase demand for food : As the world population keep growing the demand for food keep rising, the people with the more purchasing power buy more than the people who do not have the financial capacity 

(3) food price : High competition of food cause the hike in food price a situation where there is minimum resources for vase number of people cause the rise in food prices. 

(4)the food losses and food waste :Almost half of harvest from the producers (farmer) is lost due to some problem as processing of perishable crops storing e.t.c 

 

(5) change in environment due to climatic changes: land degradation and desertification 

(6) Natural diaster like erosion, excess wind volcanic actions and earthquakes 

(7) Market structure: it includes both the physical and online market 

(8)Uninterested government : mostly Africa suffered from this aspect, the incompetence of government to provide necceesary amenities require for the smoothe production and effectiveness of agriculture. Policies that will provide stability in availability accessing and utilization. 

Conclusion

When is food security acheive?

1.When Nigerian farmers begin to move from planting decisions based on their survival needs to planting decisions based on economical and logical reasoning, there lies the foundation for exponential trade growth, resulting in an enlarged economy and sustained food security 

2. When the government is willinging to provide food for it's society